Understanding the Stages of Change
from Changing for Good by James Prochaska
Stage #1
Pre-Contemplation
Unaware of problems associated with behaviour. Certain that the positives of the behaviour out- weigh the negative. Not interested in change. Unwilling to change. No intention to change.
Unaware
Resistant
Stage#2
Contemplation
Becomes aware of problems associated with behaviour. Ambivalent regarding positives and negatives. Explores the potential to change. Desires to change behaviour but lacks confidence and commitment. Intends to change before 6 months.
Awareness
Openness
Decision
This is an event, not a stage. Concludes that the negatives of the behaviour out-weigh the positives and chooses to change behavior.
Commitment
Stage #3
Preparation
Accepts responsibility to change behaviour. Evaluates and selects techniques for behaviour. Develops a plan. Builds confidence and commitment. Intends to change within one month.
Anticipation
Willingness
Stage #4
Action
Engages in self-directed behaviour change effort. Gains new insights and develops new skills. Consciously chooses new behaviour. Learns to overcome the tendencies for unwanted behaviour. Active in action stage for less than six months.
Enthusiasm
Momentum
Stage #5
Maintenance
Masters the ability to sustain new behaviour with minimum effort. Establishes desired new behaviour patterns and self-control. Remains alert to high- risk situations. Focus is on lapse prevention. Has changed behaviour for six months.
Perseverance
Consolidation
Lapse or Relapse
This is an event, not a stage. May occur at any time. Personal distress or social pressures are allowed to interrupt the behaviour change process. Temporary loss of progress which resumes at an earlier stage. Experience is educational to help prevent further recurrence.
Danger
Opportunity
Stage #6
Termination
Adopts new self-image consistent with desired behaviour and lifestyle. Does not react to temptation in any situation. Expresses confidence and enjoys self-control. Appreciates healthier and happier life.

Most successful self-changers go through the stages three or four times before they make it through the cycle of change without at least one slip. Most will return to the contemplation stage of change. Slips give us the opportunity to learn.